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1.
Bol. Centro Pesqui. Process. Aliment ; 31(01): 83-98, jan. 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-986284

ABSTRACT

The antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds of different blackberry fruit genotypes from the major Brazilian producer region (three cultivars and four selections) were evaluated and compared to the Cherokee cultivar. Phenolic and anthocyanic extracts were obtained and evaluated for each fruit genotype. The phenolic extracts of selections 02/96 and 07/001 presented higher antioxidant activity than those of cultivars in most assays. This activity was partially correlated to the higher amount of total phenolics in these samples. Thus, the phenolic compounds are probably the major responsible for the antioxidant activity in the diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Quercetin seems to be responsible for the antioxidant activity of blackberry phenolic extracts in the ß-carotene bleaching assay. Concerning anthocyanic extracts, the selection 02/96 and Cherokee cultivar from harvest 2007 had higher antioxidant activity than the other genotypes in most assays. Anthocyanins appear to be the major responsible for the antioxidant activity of anthocyanic extracts in the DPPH and FRAP assays, although ascorbic acid also contributed to the DPPH antioxidant activity. Selection 02/96 appears to have higher antioxidant activity than the commercial cultivars cultivated in the southern Brazil and appears to be promising for nutritional and health purposes.


Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid , Polyphenols , Rubus , Anthocyanins , Antioxidants , Fruit
2.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 45(2): 273-278, Apr.-June 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-525905

ABSTRACT

Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) is characterized by the presence of p-synephrine, an amine structurally and pharmacologically related to ephedrine. Besides the same adverse effects as ephedrine, nowadays it is believed that altered levels of p-synephrine can be associated to the occurrence of migraine and cluster headaches. Leaves and fruits of this species are highly commercialized in form of teas and herbal preparations, but without taking into account the risks associated with its use. This work describes a survey of teas and herbal preparations containing C. aurantium, commercialized in Porto Alegre (RS/Brazil), in order to verify the presence of p-synephrine. Comparing with the mean amount available in the supermarkets, around 20 percent of the teas and 10 percent of the herbal preparations declared the presence of C. aurantium in their labels. In a sampling of 15 teas and 2 herbal preparations selected for the analysis, the presence of p-synephrine was characterized in all samples, with levels between 0.0040 to 0.2308 percent, leading to a caution that even being natural products, they are not free of adverse effects.


Citrus aurantium (laranjeira-azeda) é caracterizada pela presença de p-sinefrina, amina estrutural e farmacologicamente similar à efedrina. Além de poder causar efeitos adversos similares aos da efedrina, atualmente acredita-se que níveis endógenos alterados de p-sinefrina possam estar associados à causa da enxaqueca. Folhas e frutos desta espécie são largamente comercializados na forma de chá e em preparados de erva-mate, sem que sejam considerados os riscos associados ao seu uso. Neste sentido, este trabalho descreve uma pesquisa em chás e preparados de erva-mate comercializados em Porto Alegre, para verificar a presença de C. aurantium e p-sinefrina. Comparando com a quantidade média disponível nas prateleiras dos supermercados, cerca de 20 por cento dos chás e 10 por cento dos preparados de erva-mate declaravam nos rótulos conter C. aurantium. De uma amostragem de 15 chás e 2 preparados de erva-mate selecionados para análise, em todos foi caracterizada a presença de p-sinefrina com níveis variando de 0,0040 a 0,2308 por cento, levando ao alerta de que mesmo sendo naturais, estes produtos podem não ser destituídos de reações adversas.


Subject(s)
Beverages/analysis , Ilex paraguariensis , Products Commerce , Synephrine/adverse effects , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Citrus/adverse effects
3.
RBCF, Rev. bras. ciênc. farm. (Impr.) ; 36(1): 165-72, jan.-jun. 2000. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-276146

ABSTRACT

A influência de fatores tecnológicos, como método de extração, relação droga:solvente e natureza do líquido extrator sobre o teor de resíduo seco, pH, densidade e teor de cumarina foi avaliada em soluções extrativas de Mikania glomerata Sprengel. Entre as proporções droga:solvente testadas, aquela de 1,5:10 foi selecionada, com base nos rendimentos bruto de extração (resísuo seco) e de cumarina. Na comparação entre métodos de extração, percolação e refluxo, mistura hidroetanólica 50 por cento (v/v) ou etanol 96 por cento (v/v) foram utilizados como líquidos extratores. As quatro soluções extrativas obtidas foram designadas soluções extrativas hidroetanólicas preparadas por percolação (SEHEP) ou por refluxo (SEHER) e soluções extrativas etanólicas preparadas por percolação (SEEP) ou por refluxo (SEER)...


Subject(s)
Herbal Medicine , Mikania , Plant Extracts , Plants, Medicinal/therapeutic use , Chromatography, Liquid/methods
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